Comparison of Different NTN Technologies and Architectures

EasyChair Preprint 15131

Abstract

Comparison of Different NTN Technologies and Architectures

Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) represent a vital advancement in global telecommunications, enhancing connectivity in remote and underserved regions. This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of various NTN technologies, including satellite-based systems (Geostationary Satellites, Medium Earth Orbit Satellites, Low Earth Orbit Satellites), High-Altitude Platforms (HAPs), and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Different architectural models such as single-satellite systems, satellite constellations, hybrid terrestrial-NTN frameworks, and multi-tier architectures are analyzed for their coverage, latency, scalability, cost, and sustainability.

Key distinctions emerge between these technologies based on their altitude, performance, deployment costs, and applications, such as broadband internet, IoT, disaster recovery, and 5G/6G integration. Low Earth Orbit constellations, for example, offer low-latency global coverage at higher operational complexity, while High-Altitude Platforms and UAVs provide flexible and localized solutions. The comparative analysis highlights the challenges in managing spectrum, technical hurdles in multi-orbit systems, and the evolving regulatory environment. Finally, the paper explores emerging trends, including AI-driven resource optimization and the future role of NTN in fully integrated 6G networks, emphasizing the transformative potential of NTN for next-generation communication infrastructures.

Keyphrases: Geostationary Satellites, Low Earth Orbit, Medium Earth Orbit, satellite communication

@booklet{EasyChair:15131,
  author    = {Harold Jonathan and Edwin Frank},
  title     = {Comparison of Different NTN Technologies and Architectures},
  howpublished = {EasyChair Preprint 15131},
  year      = {EasyChair, 2024}}